Legal GK: Law Commissions in India
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The tradition of pursuing law reform through the medium of a Law Commission was started by the British and continued in post-independent India. Seventeen law commissions have been established since the first law commission established in 1955. The important reports submitted by Law Commissions are mentioned below:
First Law Commission
Established: 1955
Chairman: Mr. M.C. Setalvad (also the First Attorney General of India)
Term: 3 years
| Sr. No. | Presented In | Title of Report |
| 1 | 1956 | Liability of the State in Tort |
| 2 | 1956 | Parliamentary Legislation relating to Sales Tax |
| 3 | 1956 | Limitation Act, 1908 |
| 4 | 1956 | On the proposal that High Courts should sit in Benches at different places in a State |
| 5 | 1957 | British Statutes Applicable to India |
| 6 | 1957 | Registration Act, 1908 |
| 7 | 1957 | Partnership Act, 1932 |
| 8 | 1958 | Sale of Goods Act, 1930 |
| 9 | 1958 | Specific Relief Act, 1877 |
| 10 | 1958 | Law of Acquisition and Requisitioning of Law |
| 11 | 1958 | Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 |
| 12 | 1958 | Income Tax Act, 1922 |
| 13 | 1958 | Contract Act, 1872 |
| 14 | 1958 | Reform of Judicial Administration |
Second Law Commission
Established: 1958
Chairman: Justice T. V. Venkatarama Aiyar
Term: 3 years
| Sr. No. | Presented in | Title of Report |
| 15 | 1960 | Law relating to Marriage and Divorce amongst Christians in India |
| 16 | 1960 | Official Trustees Act, 1913 |
| 17 | 1961 | Report on Trusts Act, 1882 |
| 18 | 1961 | Converts' Marriage Dissolution Act, 1866 |
| 19 | 1961 | The Administrator-General's Act, 1913 |
| 20 | 1961 | The Law of Hire-Purchase |
| 21 | 1961 | Marine Insurance |
| 22 | 1961 | Christian Marriage and Matrimonial Causes Bill, 1961 |
Third Law Commission
Established: 1961
Chairman: Justice J. L. Kapur
Term: 3 years
| Sr. No. | Presented in | Title of Report |
| 23 | 1962 | Law of Foreign Marriages |
| 24 | 1962 | The Commission of Inquiry Act, 1952 |
| 25 | 1963 | Evidence of Officers about forged stamps, currency notes, etc. Section 509-A Cr.P.C. as proposed |
| 26 | 1964 | Insolvency Laws |
| 27 | 1964 | The Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 |
| 28 | 1964 | The Indian Oaths Act, 1873 |
Fourth Law Commission
Established: 1964
Chairman: Justice J. L. Kapur
Term: 4 years
| Sr. No. | Presented in | Title of Report |
| 29 | 1967 | Proposal to include certain Social and Economic Offences in the Indian Penal Code, 1860 |
| 30 | 1967 | Section 5 of the Central Sales Tax Act, 1956, taxation by the States in the course of import |
| 31 | 1967 | Section 30(2) of the Indian Registration Act, 1908 - Extension to Delhi |
| 32 | 1967 | Section 9 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1898 |
| 33 | 1967 | Section 44 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1898 |
| 34 | 1967 | Indian Registration Act, 1908 |
| 35 | 1967 | Capital Punishment |
| 36 | 1967 | Section 497, 498 and 499 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1898 |
| 37 | 1967 | The Code of Criminal Procedure, 1898 |
| 38 | 1968 | Indian Post Office Act, 1898 |
Fifth Law Commission
Established: 1968
Chairman: Mr. K. V. K. Sundaram
Term: 3 years
| Sr. No. | Presented in | Title of Report |
| 39 | 1968 | Punishment for imprisonment for life under the Indian Penal Code |
| 40 | 1969 | Law relating to attendance of Prisoners in Courts |
| 41 | 1969 | The Code of Criminal Procedure, 1898 |
| 42 | 1971 | Indian Penal Code |
| 43 | 1971 | Offences against the National Security |
| 44 | 1971 | The Appellate Jurisdiction of the Supreme Court in Civil Matters |
Sixth Law Commission
Established: 1971
Chairman: Justice P. B. Gajendragadkar
Term: 8 years
| Sr. No. | Presented in | Title of Report |
| 45 | 1971 | Civil Appeals to the Supreme Court on a Certificate of Fitness |
| 46 | 1971 | The Constitution (Twenty-Fifth Amendment) Bill, 1971 |
| 47 | 1972 | The trial and punishment of Social and Economic Offences |
| 48 | 1972 | Some questions under the Code of Criminal Procedure Bill, 1970 |
| 49 | 1972 | The proposal for inclusion of agricultural income in the total income |
| 50 | 1972 | The proposal to include persons connected with the Public examination within the definition of 'Public Servant' |
| 51 | 1972 | Compensation of injuries caused by automobiles in hit-and-run cases |
| 52 | 1972 | Estate duty on property acquired after death |
| 53 | 1972 | Effect of the Pensions Act, 1871 on the right to sue for pensions of retired members of public service |
| 54 | 1973 | The Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 |
| 55 | 1973 | Rate of Interest after decree and interest on costs under Section 34 and 35 of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 |
| 56 | 1973 | Statutory Provision as to the Notice of Suit other than Section 80, Civil Procedure Code |
| 57 | 1973 | Benami Transactions |
| 58 | 1974 | Stature and Jurisdiction of the Higher Judiciary |
| 59 | 1974 | Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 and Special Marriage Act, 1954 |
| 60 | 1974 | The General Clauses Act, 1897 |
| 61 | 1974 | Certain problems with the power of the States to levy a tax on the sale of goods |
Seventh Law Commission
Established: 1974
Chairman: Justice P. B. Gajendragadkar
Term: 3 years
| Sr. No. | Presented in | Title of Report |
| 62 | 1974 | Workmen's Compensation Act, 1923 |
| 63 | 1975 | The Interest Act, 1839 |
| 64 | 1975 | The Suppression of Immoral Traffic in Women and Girls Act, 1956 |
| 65 | 1976 | Recognition of Foreign Divorces |
| 66 | 1976 | Married Women's Property Act, 1874 |
| 67 | 1977 | The Indian Stamp Act, 1899 |
| 68 | 1977 | The Power of Attorney Act, 1882 |
| 69 | 1977 | The Indian Evidence Act, 1872 |
| 70 | 1977 | The Transfer of Property Act, 1882 |
Eighth Law Commission
Established: 1977
Chairman: Justice H. R. Khanna
Term: 8 years
| Sr. No. | Presented in | Title of Report |
| 71 | 1978 | Irretrievable breakdown of marriage as a ground for divorce |
| 72 | 1978 | Restriction on practice after being a permanent judge |
| 73 | 1978 | Criminal liability for failure by husband to pay maintenance or permanent alimony granted to the wife |
| 74 | 1978 | Proposal to amend the Indian Evidence Act, 1872 so as to render Admissible certain statements made by witnesses before Commissions of Inquiry and other Statutory Authorities |
| 75 | 1978 | Disciplinary jurisdiction under the Advocates Act, 1961 |
| 76 | 1978 | Arbitration Act, 1940 |
| 77 | 1979 | Delay and arrears in trial courts |
| 78 | 1979 | Congestion of under trial persons in jails |
| 79 | 1979 | Delays and arrears in High Courts and other Appellate Courts |
| 80 | 1979 | Method of Appointment of Judges |
Ninth Law Commission
Established: 1979
Chairman: Justice P. V. Dixit
Term: 1 year
| Sr. No. | Presented in | Title of Report |
| 81 | 1979 | Hindu Widows Re-marriage Act, 1856 |
| 82 | 1980 | Effect of nomination under Section 39, Insurance Act, 1938 |
| 83 | 1980 | The Guardian and Wards Act, 1890 |
| 84 | 1980 | Rape and allied offences-some questions of substantive law, procedure and evidence |
| 85 | 1980 | Claims for compensation under Chapter 8 of the Motor Vehicles Act, 1939 |
| 86 | 1980 | The Partition Act, 1893 |
| 87 | 1980 | Identification of Prisoners Act, 1920 |
Tenth Law Commission
Established: 1981
Chairman: Justice K. K. Mathew
Term: 4 year
| Sr. No. | Presented in | Title of Report |
| 88 | 1983 | Governmental Privileges in Evidence |
| 89 | 1983 | The Limitation Act, 1963 |
| 90 | 1983 | The Grounds for Divorce amongst Christians in India |
| 91 | 1983 | Dowry deaths and law reform |
| 92 | 1983 | Damages in applications for Judicial Review Recommendations for legislation |
| 93 | 1983 | Disclosures of sources of information by mass media |
| 94 | 1983 | Evidence obtained illegally or improperly |
| 95 | 1984 | Constitutional Division within Supreme Court |
| 96 | 1984 | Repeal of certain obsolete Central Acts |
| 97 | 1984 | Section 28 of the Indian Contract Act, 1872: prescriptive clauses in contracts |
| 98 | 1984 | Sections 24 to 26 of the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 |
| 99 | 1984 | Oral and written arguments in the Higher courts |
| 100 | 1984 | Litigation by and against the Government |
| 101 | 1984 | Freedom of Speech and Expression under Article 19 of the Constitution |
| 102 | 1984 | Section 122(1) of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 |
| 103 | 1984 | Unfair Terms in contracts |
| 104 | 1984 | The Judicial Officers' Protection Act, 1850 |
| 105 | 1984 | Quality control and inspection of consumer goods |
| 106 | 1984 | Section 103A, Motor Vehicles Act, 1939 |
| 107 | 1984 | Law of Citizenship |
| 108 | 1984 | Promissory Estoppel |
| 109 | 1985 | Obscene and Indecent Advertisements and Displays |
| 110 | 1985 | Indian Succession Act, 1925 |
| 111 | 1985 | Fatal Incidents Act, 1955 |
| 112 | 1985 | Section 45 of the Insurance Act, 1938 |
| 113 | 1985 | Injuries in Police Custody |
Eleventh Law Commission
Established: 1985
Chairman: Justice D. A. Desai
Term: 3 years
| Sr. No. | Presented in | Title of Report |
| 114 | 1986 | Gram Nyayalaya |
| 115 | 1986 | Tax Courts |
| 116 | 1986 | Formation of an All India Judicial Service |
| 117 | 1986 | Training of Judicial Officers |
| 118 | 1986 | Method of appointment to subordinate courts |
| 119 | 1987 | Access to Exclusive Forum for victims of motor accidents |
| 120 | 1987 | Manpower planning in Judiciary |
| 121 | 1987 | A new forum for Judicial Appointments |
| 122 | 1987 | Forum for National uniformity in Labour Adjudication |
| 123 | 1988 | Decentralization in Administration of Justice |
| 124 | 1988 | The High Court Arrears - A fresh look |
| 125 | 1988 | The Supreme Court - A fresh look |
| 126 | 1988 | Government and Public Sector Undertaking Litigation policy and Strategies |
| 127 | 1988 | Resource Allocation for Infra-Structural Services in Judicial Administration |
| 128 | 1988 | Cost of Litigation |
| 129 | 1988 | Urban Litigation - Mediation as alternative to Litigation |
| 130 | 1988 | Benami Transactions : A continuum |
| 131 | 1988 | Role of legal profession in Administration of Justice |
Twelfth Law Commission
Established: 1988
Chairman: Justice M. P. Thakkar
Term: 1 year
| Sr. No. | Presented in | Title of Report |
| 132 | 1989 | Need for Amendment of the Provisions of the Chapter IX of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 in order to ameliorate the hardship and mitigate the distress of Neglected Women, Children and Parents |
| 133 | 1989 | Removal of discrimination against Women in matters relating to Guardianship and Custody of Minor Children and Elaboration of the Welfare Principle |
| 134 | 1989 | Removing Deficiencies in certain provisions of the Workmen's Compensation Act, 1923 |
| 135 | 1989 | Women in Custody |
| 136 | 1990 | Conflicts in High Court decisions on Central Laws - How to foreclose and how to resolve |
| 137 | 1990 | Need for creating office of Ombudsman |
| 138 | 1990 | Legislative Protection for Slum and Pavement Dwellers |
| 139 | 1991 | Urgent need to amend Order XXI, Rule 92(2), Code of Civil Procedure |
| 140 | 1991 | Need to amend Order V, Rule 19A of the Code of Civil Procedure |
| 141 | 1991 | Need for amending the laws as regards power of courts to resolve criminal revisional applications and criminal cases dismissed for default in appearance |
| 142 | 1991 | Confessional treatment for offenders who on their own initiative choose to plead guilty without any bargaining |
| 143 | 1991 | Legislative safeguards for protecting the small depositors from exploitation |
Thirteenth Law Commission
Established: 1991
Chairman: Justice K. N. Singh
Term: 3 years
| Sr. No. | Presented in | Title of Report |
| 144 | 1992 | Conflicting Judicial decisions pertaining to the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 |
| 145 | 1992 | Article 12 of the Constitution and Public Sector Undertakings |
| 146 | 1993 | Sale of Women and Children: Proposed Section 373-A, Indian Penal Code |
| 147 | 1993 | The Specific Relief Act, 1963 |
| 148 | 1993 | Repeal of Certain pre-1947 Central Acts |
| 149 | 1994 | Removal of certain deficiencies in the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 (Act No. 59 of 1988) |
| 150 | 1994 | Suggesting some Amendments to the Code of Civil Procedure (Act No. V of 1908) |
| 151 | 1994 | Admiralty Jurisdiction |
| 152 | 1994 | Custodial Crimes |
| 153 | 1994 | Inter-Country Adoption |
Fourteenth Law Commission
Established: 1995
Chairman: Justice K. Jayachandra Reddy
Term: 3 years
| Sr. No. | Date of Presentation | Title of Report |
| 154 | 1996 | The Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (Act No. 2 of 1974) |
| 155 | 1997 | The Narcotics Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act, 1985(Act No. 61 of 1985) |
| 156 | 1997 | The Indian Penal Code |
Fifteenth Law Commission
Established: 1997
Chairman: Justice B. P. Jeevan Reddy
Term: 2000
| Sr. No. | Presented in | Title of Report |
| 157 | 1998 | Section 52:Transfer of Property Act, 1882 and its Amendment |
| 158 | 1998 | The Amendment of the Industries (Development and Regulation) Act, 1951 |
| 159 | 1998 | Repeal and Amendment of Laws: Part I |
| 160 | 1998 | Amendment to the All India Council for Technical Education Act, 1987 (Act No. 52 of 1987) |
| 161 | 1998 | Central Vigilance Commission and Allied Bodies |
| 162 | 1998 | Review of functioning of Central Administrative Tribunal, Customs, Excise and Gold (Control) Appellate Tribunal and Income-Tax Appellate Tribunal |
| 163 | 1998 | The Code of Civil Procedure (Amendment) Bill, 1997 |
| 164 | 1998 | The Indian Divorce Act, 1869 (Act IV of 1869) |
| 165 | 1998 | Free and Compulsory Education for Children |
| 166 | 1999 | The Corrupt Public Servants (forfeiture of property) Bill |
| 167 | 1999 | The Patents (Amendment) Bill, 1998 |
| 168 | 1999 | The Hire-Purchase Act, 1972 |
| 169 | 1999 | Amendment of Army, Navy and Air Force Act |
| 170 | 1999 | Reform of Electoral Laws |
| 171 | 2000 | The Biodiversity Bill, 2000 |
| 172 | 2000 | Review of Rape Laws |
| 173 | 2000 | Prevention of Terrorism Bill, 2000 |
| 174 | 2000 | Property Rights of Women: Proposed Reforms Under the Hindu Law |
Sixteenth Law Commission
Established: 2000
Chairman: Justice B. P. Jeevan Reddy (till 2001 ), Justice M. Jagannadha Rao (2002 to 2003)
Term: 3 years
| Sr. No. | Presented in | Title of Report |
| 175 | 2000 | The Foreigners (Amendment) Bill, 2000 |
| 176 | 2001 | The Arbitration and conciliation (Amendment) Bill, 2002 |
| 177 | 2001 | Law Relating to Arrest |
| 178 | 2001 | Recommendations for amending various enactments, both civil and criminal |
| 179 | 2001 | Public Interest Disclosure and Protection of Informers |
| 180 | 2002 | Article 20 (3) of the Constitution of India and Right to Silence |
| 181 | 2002 | Amendment to Section 106 of the Transfer of Property Act, 1882 |
| 182 | 2002 | Amendment of Section 6 of the Land Acquisition Act, 1894 |
| 183 | 2002 | A Continuum on the General Clauses Act, 1897 with special reference to the admissibility and codification of external aids to interpretation of statutes |
| 184 | 2002 | Legal Education & Professional Training and Proposals for amendments to the Advocates Act, 1961 and the University Grants Commission Act, 1956 |
| 185 | 2003 | Review of the Indian Evidence Act, 1872 |
Seventeenth Law Commission
Established: 2003
Chairman: Justice M. Jagannadha Rao
Term: 2006
| Sr. No. | Presented in | Title of Report |
| 186 | 2003 | Proposal to Constitute Environment Courts |
| 187 | 2003 | Mode of Execution of Death Sentence and Incidental Matters |
| 188 | 2003 | The Proposals for Constitution of Hi-Tech Fast - Track Commercial Divisions in High Courts |
| 189 | 2004 | Revision of Court Fees Structure |
| 190 | 2004 | The Revision of the Insurance Act, 1938 and the Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority Act, 1999 |
| 191 | 2004 | Regulation of Funds collected for Calamity Relief. |
| 192 | 2005 | Prevention of vexatious Litigation |
| 193 | 2005 | Transnational Litigation, Conflict of Laws, Law of Limitation |
| 194 | 2005 | Verification of Stamp Duties and Registration of Arbitral Awards |
| 195 | 2006 | The Judges (Inquiry) Bill, 2005 |
| 196 | 2006 | Medical Treatment to Terminally Ill Patients (Protection of Patients and Medical Practitioners) |
| 197 | 2006 | Public Procecutor's Appointments |
| 198 | 2006 | Witness Identity Protection and Witness Protection Programmes |
| 199 | 2006 | Unfair (Procedural and Substantive) Terms in Contracts |
| 200 | 2006 | Trial by Media : Free Speech Vs. Fair Trial Under Criminal Procedure (Amendments to the Contempt of Court Act, 1971) |
| 201 | 2006 | Medical Treatment after Accidents and During Emergency Medical Condition and Women in Labour |
Eighteenth Law Commission
Established: 2006
Chairman: Justice A. R. Lakshmana
Term: fixed till 2009
| Sr. No. | Presented in | Title of Report |
| 202 | 2007 | Proposal to Amend Section 304-B of the Indian Penal Code |
| 203 | 2007 | Section 438 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 as Amended by the Code of Criminal Procedure (Amendment) Act, 2005 (Anticipatory Bail) |
| 204 | 2008 | Proposal to Amend the Hindu Succession Act, 1956 as amended by Act 39 of 2005 |
| 205 | 2008 | Proposal to Amend the Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, 2006 and other allied Laws |
| 206 | 2008 | Proposal for enactment of new Coroners Act applicable to the whole of India |
| 207 | 2008 | Proposal to amend Section 15 of the Hindu Succession Act, 1956 in case a female dies intestate leaving herself acquired property with no heirs |
| 208 | 2008 | Proposal for the amendment of explanation to Section 6 of the Hindu Succession Act, 1956 to include oral partition and family arrangement on the definition of 'partition' |
| 209 | 2008 | Proposal for the omission of Section 213 from the Indian Succession Act, 1925 |
| 210 | 2008 | Humanization and Decriminalization of Attempt to Suicide |
| 211 | 2008 | Laws on Registration of Marriages and Divorce - A proposal for Consolidation and Reform |
| 212 | 2008 | Laws of Civil Marriage in India - A proposal to Resolve Certain Conflicts |
| 213 | 2008 | Fast Track Magisterial Courts for Dishonoured Cheque Cases |
| 214 | 2008 | Proposal for Reconsideration of Judges Cases I, II and III |
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One Comment to “Legal GK: Law Commissions in India”
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good information.any more?